Lethathamo le Felletseng ho Fiber Optic Cable Terminology: Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe eo U Lokelang ho e Tseba

Rea u amohela ho tataiso e felletseng mabapi le mantsoe a thapo ea fiber optic. Sehloohong sena, re ikemiselitse ho nolofatsa lefatše le rarahaneng la likhoele tsa fiber optic le ho fana ka kutloisiso e hlakileng ea mantsoe a amanang le tsona. Hore na o sa le mocha tšimong kapa o na le boiphihlelo ba lilemo, tataiso ena e thusa li-rookie le litsebi tse nang le boiphihlelo.

Ho utloisisa likhoele tsa fiber optic le mantsoe a tsona ho bohlokoa ho mang kapa mang ea sebetsang indastering ea likhokahano le marang-rang. E thusa ho buisana ka katleho, ho rarolla mathata, le ho etsa liqeto. Ho feta moo, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho theheng tšepo, ho hohela bao e ka bang bareki, ho ntlafatsa tlhokomeliso ea lebitso, le ho hlakisa lintlha life kapa life tse khelosang.

Tataisong ena, re bokelletse pokello e felletseng ea mantsoe a thapo ea fiber optic, a hlahisoang ka mokhoa o utloisisehang habonolo. Ho tloha metheong ea likhoele tsa optical le core le cladding ho ea menahanong e tsoetseng pele joalo ka ho nyahama, ho hasana le mefuta ea likhokahanyo, poleloana ka 'ngoe e tla hlalosoa ka ho hlaka le ka bokhutšoanyane.

Re utloisisa hore lefats'e la likhoele tsa fiber optic li ka ba boima haholo, ka mantsoe a lona a theknoloji le lintlha tse rarahaneng. Ke ka lebaka leo sepheo sa rona e leng ho arola mantsoe ana hore e be likotoana tse laolehang, tse lekanang le ho loma, ho etsa bonnete ba hore u ka utloisisa maikutlo ntle le ho ikutloa u sithabetse. Qetellong ea tataiso ena, u tla ba le tšepo ea ho sebetsa ka likhoele tsa fiber optic le ho tsamaisa indasteri ka boiketlo.

Hore na o motho ea qalang ea batlang ho fumana kutloisiso ea motheo kapa setsebi se nang le boiphihlelo se ikemiselitseng ho nchafatsa tsebo ea hau le ho tlatsa likheo life kapa life, tataiso ena e etselitsoe ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau. Sepheo sa rona ke ho u fa lisebelisoa le tsebo e hlokahalang ho atleha lefapheng la likhoele tsa fiber optic.

Kahoo, ha re qaleng leetong lena 'moho 'me re manolle liphiri tsa mantsoe a fiber optic cable. Qetellong, o tla be o hlomeletsoe ka boiphihlelo ba ho theha ts'epo, ho hohela bareki bao e ka bang bareki, ho ntlafatsa tlhokomeliso ea lebitso, le ho tsamaea ka boitšepo lefatšeng le rarahaneng la likhoele tsa fiber optic.

I. Kakaretso ea Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic

Lithapo tsa fiber optic li fetotse indasteri ea likhokahano le marang-rang ka bokhoni ba tsona ba ho fetisa data ka lebelo le holimo libakeng tse telele. Karolong ena, re tla hlahloba lintlha tsa motheo tsa likhoele tsa fiber optic, kaho ea tsona, lisebelisoa tsa mantlha, le melemo eo ba fanang ka eona ho feta likhoele tsa khale tsa koporo.

1.1 Ho Utloisisa Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic

Lithapo tsa fiber optic li entsoe ka likhoele tse tšesaane tsa khalase kapa polasetiki tse tsejoang e le likhoele tsa optical. Likhoele tsena li etselitsoe ho tsamaisa tlhahisoleseling ka phetiso ya matshwao a kganya. Khoele e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le konokono, e tsamaisang mats'oao a leseli, le sekoaelo se pota-potileng mantlha 'me se thusa ho boloka botsitso ba lets'oao.

Kaho ea likhoele tsa fiber optic ke hore likhoele tse ngata li kopantsoe hammoho ka har'a baki e ka ntle e sireletsang. Sekoti sena ha se sireletse likhoele feela ho tsoa ho maemo a kantle a tikoloho empa hape se fana ka matlafatso ho netefatsa hore li tšoarella. Ho phaella moo, baki ea ka ntle e ka 'na ea e-ba le likarolo tse eketsehileng, tse kang litho tse matla, ho matlafatsa khanyetso ea cable ho tsitsipano le ho kobeha.

1.2 Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic

Lithapo tsa fiber optic li fumana lits'ebetso ho liindasteri le mafapha a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa likhokahano tsa mehala, litsi tsa data, bafani ba litšebeletso tsa inthanete, tlhokomelo ea bophelo, le mekhatlo ea mmuso. Hangata li sebelisoa ho:

• Phetiso ea data e phahameng: Lithapo tsa fiber optic li ka fetisa data ka lebelo le holimo ka mokhoa o makatsang, e leng se lumellang phapanyetsano ea tlhaiso-leseling e potlakileng le puisano e se nang moeli.
• Puisano ea sebaka se selelele: Ho fapana le likhoele tsa khale tsa koporo, likhoele tsa fiber optic li ka tsamaisa melaetsa libakeng tse telele haholo ntle le ho senyeha, e leng se etsang hore e be tse loketseng litlhoko tsa puisano tsa nako e telele.
• Bokhoni ba li-bandwidth tse phahameng: Lithapo tsa fiber optic li fana ka bandwidth e kholo haholo ho feta likhoele tsa koporo, e lumellang phetiso ea nako e le 'ngoe ea lipontšo tse ngata tsa data, audio le video.

1.3 Melemo ea Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic ho feta Lithapo tsa Koporo

Ho amoheloa ha likhoele tsa fiber optic holim'a likhoele tsa koporo tsa setso ho fana ka melemo e mengata, ho ba etsa khetho e ratoang lits'ebetsong tse ngata. Melemo ea bohlokoa ke ena:

• Litefiso tse phahameng tsa phetisetso ea data: Lithapo tsa fiber optic li ka fihlela litefiso tse phahameng haholo tsa phetisetso ea data ha li bapisoa le likhoele tsa koporo. Sena se nolofalletsa ho khoasolla ka potlako, ho phallela habonolo, le puisano ea nako ea sebele.
• bandwidth e kholoanyane: Ka matla a bona a phahameng a li-bandwidth, likhoele tsa fiber optic li ka sebetsana le palo e kholo ea data ka nako e le 'ngoe, li tšehetsa tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea marang-rang a lebelo le phahameng le lits'ebetso tsa multimedia.
• Immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI): Ho fapana le likhoele tsa koporo, likhoele tsa fiber optic ha li na tšitiso ea motlakase, li netefatsa phetiso ea data e tšepahalang esita le libakeng tse nang le lerata le phahameng la motlakase.
• Ts'ireletso e ntlafalitsoeng: Lithapo tsa fiber optic li sireletsehile haholoanyane hobane ha li khantše mats'oao a bonoang 'me ho thata ho li kenya ha li bapisoa le likhoele tsa koporo, li fana ka boemo bo holimo ba lekunutu la data.

1.4 Bohlokoa ba ho Ithuta Maemo a Fiber Optic Cable

Ho sebetsa ka katleho le likhoele tsa fiber optic, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa mantsoe a amanang le tsona. Ho ithuta mantsoe ana ho thusa batho ho buisana ka katleho, ho rarolla mathata le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng. Ka ho tloaelana le mantsoe a kang attenuation, dispersion, wavelength, le mefuta ea lihokelo, litsebi li ka etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo, tsa hlalosa litokomane tsa tekheniki ka nepo, le ho kenya tšebetsong tharollo ea fiber optic ka nepo.

Ho ba le kutloisiso e tiileng ea li-terminologies tsa fiber optic cable ho boetse ho lumella batho ho tseba le ho rarolla mathata a ka bang teng ka katleho. Sena se ka lebisa ho bolokoeng ha litšenyehelo, ts'epahalo e ntlafetseng ea marang-rang, le ho ntlafatsa khotsofalo ea bareki. Ho feta moo, ho utloisisa li-terminologies tsa fiber optic cable ho thusa ho hlakisa menahano leha e le efe e fosahetseng kapa tlhahisoleseding e khelosang e ka hlahang tšimong, ho lumella ho phatlalatsoa ha tsebo e nepahetseng le ho etsa liqeto ka tsebo.

Likarolong tse latelang, re tla teba ka botebo ka mantsoe a bohlokoa a fiber optic cable, a koahelang lihlooho tse kang optical fibers, core le cladding, attenuation le dispersion, wavelength le frequency, mefuta ea likhokahano, mefuta ea lithapo, mantsoe a ho kenya, le mantsoe a tlhahlobo le tlhokomelo. . Litlhaloso tsena tse felletseng li tla hlomella babali ka tsebo e hlokahalang ea ho tsamaisa lefatše la likhoele tsa fiber optic ka nepo.

Bala hape: Tataiso ea ho qetela ea Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic: Metheo, Mahlale, Litloaelo le Malebela

II. Maemo a bohlokoa a Fiber Optic Cable

Karolong ena, re tla hlahloba mantsoe a bohlokoa a amanang le likhoele tsa fiber optic. Ho utloisisa mantsoe ana ho bohlokoa ho mang kapa mang ea sebetsang ka likhoele tsa fiber optic, kaha li theha motheo oa tsebo e hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebetsong e atlehileng le ho rarolla mathata.

2.1 Fiber ea Optical

Optical Fiber ke karolo ea mantlha ea thapo ea fiber optic e tsamaisang mats'oao a leseli a sebelisetsoang phetiso ea data. Hangata e entsoe ka khalase kapa polasetiki 'me e etselitsoe ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matšoao le ho sotha. Li-fiber tsa optical li tla ka mefuta e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa mofuta o le mong le li-multi-mode fibers.

• Fiber ea mofuta o le mong: Fiber ea mofuta o le mong e na le boholo bo bonyenyane ba mantlha, bo lumellang mofuta o le mong feela oa khanya ho ata. E loketse puisano ea sebaka se selelele hobane e fokotsa ho hasana ha mats'oao le ho nyenyefatsa, e nolofalletsa phetisetso e phahameng ea li-bandwidth libakeng tse kholo. >> Sheba tse ling
• Multi-mode fiber: Ka lehlakoreng le leng, fiber e nang le mefuta e mengata e na le boholo bo boholo ba mantlha, bo nolofalletsang mefuta e mengata ea khanya ho ata ka nako e le 'ngoe. Le ha e loketse sebaka se sekhuts'oane, e kanna ea ba le bothata ba ho hasana ha modal, e fokotsang bokhoni ba eona ba bandwidth. >> Sheba tse ling

Ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa litšobotsi, lits'ebetso le meeli ea mofuta o mong le o mong oa fiber optic ha ho khethoa thapo e nepahetseng bakeng sa nyeoe e itseng.

2.2 Koko le Liaparo

Koko le likoahelo ke likarolo tse peli tsa mantlha tsa optical fiber tse sebetsang ka tandem ho nolofatsa phetiso e ntle ea khanya.

• konokono: Moko oa fiber optical o na le matšoao a khanya. Ke karolo e ka hare-hare ea fiber 'me e entsoe ka thepa e nang le index e phahameng ea refractive ho feta cladding. Ntho ea mantlha e etselitsoe ho koala matšoao a leseli ka hare ho eona, ho netefatsa tahlehelo e fokolang ea matšoao le ho hasana.
• Ho roala: Ho pota-potile motheo ke cladding, e nang le index e tlaase ea refractive ha e bapisoa le ea mantlha. Li-cladding li thusa ho tataisa mats'oao a mabone ka har'a mantlha ka ho a khutlisetsa mokokotlong neng kapa neng ha a atamela bokaholimo. Mochine ona, o tsejoang e le ho bonahatsa ka hare ho kakaretso, o tiisa hore matšoao a khanya a ata hammoho le fiber ka tahlehelo e fokolang.

Litekanyo le lisebelisoa tsa mantlha le likoahelo li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethollang litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea fiber ea optical, joalo ka phanele ea linomoro tsa fiber, phallo ea modal, le bokhoni ba bandwidth.

2.3 Tlhokomeliso le Phahamiso

Tlhokomelo le ho hasana ke lintlha tse peli tsa bohlokoa tse amang phetiso ea mats'oao ho likhoele tsa fiber optic.

• Tlholeho: Attenuation e bolela ho lahleheloa ke matla a lets'oao ha a ntse a tsamaea ka thapo ea fiber optic. E hlaha ka lebaka la lintlha tse fapaneng tse kang ho monya, ho hasana le tahlehelo ea ho kobeha. Ho fokotsa tsitsipano ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka matla a lets'oao le ho netefatsa phetiso ea data e tšepahalang libakeng tse telele.
• Ho hasana: Dispersion ke ho hasana ha maqhubu a khanya ha a ntse a ata ka thapo ea fiber optic. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea li-dispersion:
• Phatlalatso ea Chromatic: Phatlalatso ea Chromatic e etsahala ka lebaka la lebelo le fapaneng leo maqhubu a fapaneng a khanya a tsamaeang ka har'a fiber. E ka baka ho sotha ha matšoao le ho fokotsa sekhahla sa data se ka fihlellehang.
• Phatlalatso ea Modal: Modal dispersion e tobile ho mefuta e mengata ea likhoele 'me e bakoa ke mekhoa e mengata ea khanya e tsamaeang ka lebelo le fapaneng. E fella ka ho ata ha pulse mme e fokotsa bandwidth ea fiber.

Ho utloisisa ho fokotseha le ho hasana, lisosa tsa bona, le phello ea bona ho boleng ba matšoao ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho rala le ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea fiber optic.

2.4 Bophahamo ba Waveleng le Khafetsa

Wavelength le frequency ke mehopolo ea mantlha e amanang le phetiso ea mats'oao a leseli ka likhoele tsa fiber optic.

• Wavelength: Bophahamo ba maqhubu bo bolela sebaka se pakeng tsa litlhōrō tse latellanang kapa likotopo tsa leqhubu la khanya. Hangata e lekantsoe ka nanometers (nm). Maqhubu a fapaneng a khanya a ka ata ka likhoele tsa optical, 'me khetho ea wavelength e itšetlehile ka ts'ebeliso e khethehileng.
• Kakaretso: Frequency e emetse palo ea oscillation e felletseng ea leqhubu la khanya e etsahalang yuniti ea nako. E lekanngoa ka hertz (Hz) 'me e bapana le bolelele ba maqhubu. Maqhubu a phahameng a lumellana le maqhubu a makhutšoane.

Ho utloisisa kamano lipakeng tsa maqhubu a maqhubu le maqhubu ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha mehloli e nepahetseng ea leseli, li-detectors le lisebelisoa tse ling tse sebetsang ka har'a mekhahlelo e itseng ea maqhubu. Li-wavelengths tse fapaneng li fana ka melemo e fapaneng, joalo ka ho fokotseha ho hoholo le matla a holimo a bandwidth.

2.5 Mefuta ea likhokahanyo

Lihokelo li sebelisoa ho kopanya likhoele tsa fiber optic le likhoele tse ling, lisebelisoa kapa lisebelisoa. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lihokelo tse sebelisoang haholo lits'ebetsong tsa fiber optic:

• SC (Sehokelo sa Moreri): Sehokelo sena se na le sebopeho sa lisekoere, mochini oa push-pull mme se sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa likhoele tsa mofuta o le mong le mefuta e mengata.
• LC (Sehokelo sa Lucent): Sehokelo sa LC se senyane ebile se kopane ho feta lihokelo tsa SC, se etsa hore se tumme bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse phahameng haholo. E sebelisoa haholo-holo ka mefuta e mengata ea likhoele.
• ST (Keletso e otlolohileng): Lihokelo tsa ST li na le mochine o chitja, oa mokhoa oa bayonet. Hangata li sebelisoa ka likhoele tsa mefuta e mengata lits'ebetsong tsa marang-rang.

Ho utloisisa mefuta e fapaneng ea likhokahanyo le ho tsamaellana ha tsona le likhoele tsa mofuta o le mong le mefuta e mengata ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho felisoa ka nepo ha cable le ho netefatsa likhokahano tse tšepahalang lits'ebetsong tsa fiber optic.

Bala hape: Tataiso e Pharalletseng ea Lihokelo tsa Fiber Optic: Mefuta, Likarolo le Likopo

2.6 Mefuta ea Lithapo

Lithapo tsa fiber optic li tla ka mefuta e fapaneng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e etselitsoe lits'ebetso le tikoloho e itseng.

• Lithapo tsa Indoor Fiber Optic: Lithapo tsena li etselitsoe ho kenya ka hare ho meaho ka ho khetheha. Li bobebe, lia tenyetseha, 'me li etselitsoe ho finyella litekanyetso tsa tšireletso ea mollo. Lithapo tsa fiber optic tsa kahare li sebelisoa hangata ho theha marang-rang a tšepahalang litsing le mekhatlong. >> Sheba tse ling
• Lithapo tsa Outdoor Fiber Optic: Lithapo tsa kantle li etselitsoe ho mamella maemo a thata a tikoloho, ho kenyeletsoa ho fapana ha mocheso, mongobo le ho pepeseha ha UV. Li matlafatsoa ka likarolo tse eketsehileng ho fana ka tšireletso e phahameng khahlanong le tšenyo ea 'mele. >> Sheba tse ling
• Lithapo tsa Mokhoa o le Mong le oa Multi-Mode: Lithapo tsa fiber optic li ka aroloa ka mokhoa o le mong kapa oa mefuta e mengata ho latela bophara ba tsona ba mantlha. Lithapo tsa mokhoa o le mong li sebelisoa bakeng sa puisano e hōle, ha lithapo tsa mefuta e mengata li loketse sebaka se sekhutšoanyane. >> Bona phapang ea bona

Ho utloisisa litšobotsi, lits'ebetso le meeli ea mefuta e fapaneng ea li-cable ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha thapo e nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng.

Ka ho tloaelana le mantsoe ana a bohlokoa a fiber optic cable, u tla hlomelloa ka tsebo e hlokahalang ho sebetsa ka katleho le litsamaiso tsa fiber optic. Likarolong tse latelang, re tla batlisisa ka har'a mantsoe a tobileng a amanang le ho kenya, ho hlahloba le ho lokisa, ho u fa kutloisiso e batsi ea theknoloji ea fiber optic cable.

U ka 'na Ua Rata: Indoor vs. Outdoor Fiber Optic Cables: Mokhoa oa ho Khetha

III. Melao e Tloaelehileng ea ho Kenya Cable ea Fiber Optic

Karolong ena, re tla hlahloba mantsoe a amanang le mokhoa oa ho kenya likhoele tsa fiber optic. Ho utloisisa mantsoe ana ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tsamaisa marang-rang a fiber optic ka katleho le ho netefatsa khokahanyo e tšepahalang.

3.1 Ho kopanya

Ho kopanya ke mokhoa oa ho kopanya ka ho sa feleng likhoele tse peli tsa fiber optic hammoho. Hangata hoa hlokahala ha ho atolosoa kapa ho lokisa marang-rang a fiber optic. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha ea splicing:

• Fusion Splicing: Fusion splicing e kenyelletsa ho qhibilihisa lipheletsong tsa likhoele tse peli tsa fiber optic hammoho ho sebelisa arc ea motlakase. Sena se theha khokahano e sa feleng, ea tahlehelo e tlase. Fusion splicing e loketse lits'ebetso tsa lebelo le holimo, tse hole haholo mme hangata e sebelisoa meahong ea likhokahano tsa mehala.
• Mechanical Splicing: Mechanical splicing e sebelisa lihokelo tse khethehileng kapa li-couplers ho hokahanya le ho boloka likhoele tsa fiber. Mokhoa ona ha o hloke ho kopanya kapa mocheso, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo le ho potlakisa ho sebetsa. Mechanical splicing e atisa ho sebelisoa maemong ao mohala o lokelang ho lokisoa kapa o kopantsoe ka nakoana.

Ho utloisisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea splicing le ts'ebeliso ea bona ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa likhokahano tse tšepahalang le tse sebetsang ka har'a marang-rang a fiber optic.

U ka 'na Ua Rata: Ho Arola Lithapo Tsa Fiber Optic: Malebela le Mahlale a Molemohali

3.2 Pheliso

Ho emisa ho bolela mokhoa oa ho hokahanya thapo ea fiber optic ho sesebelisoa kapa sesebelisoa. Pheliso e nepahetseng ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa phetiso ea matšoao e tšepahalang. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho felisa e kenyelletsa:

• Khokahano: Ho hokahanya ho kenyelletsa ho hokela likhokahano lipheletsong tsa likhoele tsa fiber optic. Sena se fana ka mokhoa o bonolo le o tloaelehileng oa ho hokahanya likhoele le lisebelisoa, joalo ka li-switches, li-routers le li-transceivers. Mefuta ea likhokahanyo, joalo ka SC, LC, le ST, hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho felisoa.
• Pheliso ea Pigtail: Pigtail termination e kenyelletsa ho kopanya thapo e khuts'oane ea fiber optic, e tsejoang e le pigtail, holim'a thapo e kholo. Joale pigtail e felisoa ka sehokelo bakeng sa khokahano e bonolo ho lisebelisoa.

Ho utloisisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho emisa le ho khetha lihokelo tse nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng ke senotlolo sa ho fihlela likhokahano tse tšepahalang le tse sebetsang hantle ho marang-rang a fiber optic.

U ka 'na Ua Rata: Ho Utloisisa Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic tse Felletseng Pele le Tse Felisoang

3.3 Ho Hula Cable

Ho hula lithapo ke mokhoa oa ho kenya likhoele tsa fiber optic ka har'a kotopo, likotopong kapa litereneng tsa cable. E hloka ho tšoaroa ka hloko ho qoba ho senya lithapo. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng le lisebelisoa tse sebelisetsoang ho hula cable li kenyelletsa:

• Lubrication ea Cable: Ho tlotsa thapo ka gel kapa setlolo se loketseng ho fokotsa likhohlano nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho hula, ho thibela tšenyo ea thapo le ho etsa bonnete ba ho kenya ts'ebetso e boreleli.
• Lithapo tsa ho hula Cable: Li-cable pulling grips, tse tsejoang hape e le likausi tsa cable kapa li-stockings, ke lisebelisoa tse feto-fetohang tse hokelang thapo le ho fana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng oa ho hula. Li tla ka boholo bo fapaneng le meralo ho amohela li-diameter tse fapaneng tsa cable.
• Tlhokomelo ea Tension ea Cable: Ho beha leihlo tsitsipano nakong ea ho hula cable ho bohlokoa ho thibela matla a feteletseng a ka senyang mohala. Lisebelisoa tsa ho lekola tsitsipano li ka sebelisoa ho netefatsa ho kenngoa ka nepo.

Ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho hula ha cable ka katleho le ho atleha, ke habohlokoa ho rera ka hloko tsela, ho bala tsitsipano ea ho hula, le ho sebelisa mekhoa le lisebelisoa tse loketseng.

3.4 Malebela le Mekhoa e Molemo ka ho Fetisisa ea Katleho ea ho Kenya Cable ea Fiber Optic

Ho etsa bonnete ba ho kenya thapo ea fiber optic ka katleho, nahana ka malebela a latelang le mekhoa e metle:

• Tšebeliso e Nepahetseng ea Cable: Tšoara likhoele tsa fiber optic ka hloko, u qoba ho kobeha ho feteletseng, ho hula, kapa ho sotha, tse ka bakang tahlehelo ea matšoao kapa tšenyo ea mohala.
• Tsamaiso le Tsamaiso ea Cable: Rulahanya tsela ea thapo ka hloko, ho qoba ho kobeha ho nchocho, tsitsipano e feteletseng, kapa ho pepesehela likotsi tse ka bang teng. Sebelisa mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea lithapo, joalo ka literei kapa liraka, ho hlophisa le ho sireletsa likhoele.
• Teko le Litokomane: Etsa tlhahlobo e phethahetseng le litokomane tsa likhoele tse kentsoeng ho netefatsa botšepehi ba tsona. Sena se kenyelletsa ho etsa liteko tsa ho qetela tsa tahlehelo, ho netefatsa likhokahano tse nepahetseng tsa fiber, le ho ngola litsela tsa lithapo bakeng sa tlhokomelo le ho rarolla mathata nakong e tlang.
• Koetliso le Setifikeiti: Netefatsa hore li-installer li koetlisitsoe hantle 'me li netefalitsoe ka mekhoa ea ho kenya lithapo tsa fiber optic. Sena se tla thusa ho netefatsa ho ikamahanya le maemo a indasteri le mekhoa e metle.

Ka ho latela malebela ana le mekhoa e metle, o ka fokotsa liphoso tsa ho kenya, oa netefatsa nako e telele ea lithapo tsa fiber optic, le ho boloka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ka har'a marang-rang a hau.

Karolong e latelang, re tla hlahloba mantsoe a amanang le tlhahlobo le tlhokomelo ea likhoele tsa fiber optic, ho u fa tsebo e hlokahalang ho netefatsa ts'epo e tsoelang pele le ts'ebetso ea marang-rang a hau a fiber optic.

IV. Teko ea Fiber Optic Cable le Terminology ea Tlhokomelo

Karolong ena, re tla hlahloba mantsoe a amanang le tlhahlobo le ho boloka likhoele tsa fiber optic. Teko le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'epo le ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ea marang-rang a hau a fiber optic.

4.1 Ho Lekola Lithapo tsa Fiber Optic

Ho lekola likhoele tsa fiber optic ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa botšepehi ba matšoao, ho tseba mathata afe kapa afe, le ho rarolla mathata. E thusa ho netefatsa hore marang-rang a sebetsa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng. Mantsoe a tloaelehileng a tlhahlobo a kenyelletsa:

• Teko ea ho Qetela: Teko ea ho qetela e kenyelletsa ho metha tahlehelo ea matla a optical ho latela bolelele bohle ba thapo ea fiber optic. Teko ena e thusa ho tseba tahlehelo leha e le efe e feteletseng ea lets'oao ka lebaka la lintlha tse joalo ka ho khutsisa, ho arohana ho sa nepahalang, kapa mathata a likhokahanyo.
• Khutlisa Teko ea Tahlehelo: Teko ea tahlehelo e lekanya boholo ba leseli le hlahang mohloling ka lebaka la likhantši kapa ho tima thapo. Tahlehelo e phahameng ea ho khutla e ka baka tšenyo ea matšoao, 'me tlhahlobo ena e thusa ho tseba mathata a ka bang teng.
• Teko ea Tahlehelo ea Kena: Teko ea tahlehelo ea ho kenya e lekanya tahlehelo ea matla a khanya ha karolwana, joalo ka sehokedi kapa splice, e kenngwa thapong ya fiber optic. E bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea lihokelo, li-splices le likarolo tse ling.

4.2 Mekhoa e Tloaelehileng ea Teko

Ho sebelisoa mekhoa e mengata ea liteko ho lekola tšebetso ea likhoele tsa fiber optic le ho bona mathata afe kapa afe a ka bang teng. E meng ea mekhoa ena e kenyelletsa:

• Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR): OTDR e sebelisa leseli le ka morao ho lekanya tahlehelo le ponahalo ea khanya ho latela bolelele ba thapo ea fiber optic. E thusa ho fumana liphoso, joalo ka ho robeha kapa ho koba thapo, 'me e fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho rarolla mathata le ho li lokisa.
• Litekanyo tsa Metara ea Matla: Limithara tsa motlakase li sebelisoa ho lekanya boemo ba matla a optical lintlheng tse fapaneng haufi le thapo ea fiber optic. Sena se thusa ho netefatsa hore matla a lets'oao a kopana le lintlha tse hlokahalang mme a supa tahlehelo efe kapa efe e feteletseng.
• Visual Fault Locator (VFL): VFL ke sesebelisoa se ts'oaroang ka letsoho se hlahisang lebone le lefubelu le bonahalang ka har'a thapo ea fiber optic. Lebone lena le thusa ho tseba ho robeha, ho kobeha, kapa liphoso tse ling tsa thapo, ho e etsa sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea pono le ho lemoha liphoso.

Ho utloisisa mekhoa ena ea liteko le lits'ebetso tsa bona ho lumella tlhahlobo e felletseng le ho rarolla mathata a marang-rang a fiber optic.

4.3 Mekhoa ea Bohlokoa ea Tlhokomelo

Ho kenya ts'ebetsong mekhoa e nepahetseng ea tlhokomelo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le bophelo bo bolelele ba likhoele tsa fiber optic. Mekhoa e meng ea bohlokoa ea tlhokomelo e kenyelletsa:

• Tlhahlobo le Tlhoekiso ea Kamehla: Kamehla hlahloba le ho hloekisa likhokahano tsa fiber optic, kaha lerōle, litšila kapa litšila li ka baka tšenyo ea matšoao. Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tsa ho hloekisa, tse kang lint-free wipes le joala ba isopropyl.
• Taolo e Nepahetseng ea Cable: Netefatsa hore likhoele tsa fiber optic li laoloa ka nepo le ho sireletsoa. Qoba ho kobeha ho feteletseng, tsitsipano, kapa ho pepesehela maemo a tikoloho a ka senyang lithapo.
• Litokomane le Lileibole: Boloka litokomane tse nepahetseng le lileibole tsa likhoele tsa fiber optic, ho kenyeletsoa litsela tsa lithapo, lihokelo le lithapo. Sena se nolofalletsa ho rarolla mathata, ho lokisoa le ho atolosoa ha nako e tlang.
• Teko le Tlhokomelo e Reriloeng: Kenya ts'ebetsong kemiso ea kamehla ea tlhahlobo le ho beha leihlo ho bona mathata afe kapa afe a ka bang teng pele a ka mpefala. Etsa tlhahlobo ea nako le nako u sebelisa lisebelisoa le mekhoa e nepahetseng ho netefatsa botšepehi ba matšoao a tsoelang pele.

Ka ho latela mekhoa ena ea tlhokomelo, o ka fokotsa tahlehelo ea matšoao, oa thibela ho theoha ho sa hlokahaleng, le ho lelefatsa nako ea bophelo ea likhoele tsa hau tsa fiber optic.

Qetellong, ho utloisisa mantsoe a amanang le tlhahlobo le ho boloka likhoele tsa fiber optic ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele le ts'epahalo ea marang-rang a hau a fiber optic. Ka ho etsa liteko tse nepahetseng, ho kenyelletsa mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea tlhahlobo, le ho kenya tšebetsong mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea tlhokomelo, o ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le bophelo bo bolelele ba likhoele tsa hau tsa fiber optic.

V. Fiber Optic Industry Standards Terminology

Indasteri ea fiber optic e sebetsa tlas'a litekanyetso le litataiso tse fapaneng tse netefatsang tshebedisano, tshebetso, le polokeho. Ho tloaelana le mantsoe a amanang le maemo a indasteri ea fiber optic ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho utloisisa litlhoko tsa boikamahanyo le ho netefatsa ts'ebetsong ea marang-rang a tšepahalang a fiber optic.

5.1 Litekanyetso tsa ANSI / TIA

Litekanyetso tsa ANSI/TIA (Mokhatlo oa Indasteri ea Likhokahano) li tsebahala haholo United States 'me li fana ka litataiso bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea thapo ea fiber optic, tlhahlobo le ho kenya. Mareo a bohlokoa a amanang le maemo a ANSI/TIA a kenyelletsa:

• Likhetho tsa OMx: Mabitso ana, joalo ka OM1, OM2, OM3, le OM4, a arola likhoele tsa fiber optic tsa mefuta e mengata ho ipapisitsoe le bandwidth ea bona le litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso. Ba thusa ho khetha thapo e nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethang.
• Likhetho tsa OSx: Mabitso a OS1 le OS2 a arola lithapo tsa fiber optic tsa mofuta o le mong ho latela ts'ebetso ea tsona libakeng tse fapaneng. OS1 e loketse ts'ebeliso ea kahare, ha OS2 e etselitsoe lits'ebetso tsa kantle le tse nkang nako e telele.
• Letoto la TIA-568-C: Letoto la litekanyetso tsa TIA-568-C le akaretsa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa lisebelisoa tsa koporo le fiber optic cabling. E fana ka litataiso bakeng sa cabling e hlophisitsoeng, ho kenyeletsoa likhoele tsa fiber optic, likhokahano le liteko.

Ho utloisisa litekanyetso tsa ANSI/TIA ho netefatsa ho latela mekhoa e metle ea indasteri le ho nolofalletsa khetho ea likhoele tse loketseng tsa fiber optic bakeng sa litlhoko tse ikhethang.

5.2 Maemo a Khomishene ea Machabeng ea Motlakase (IEC).

Litekanyetso tsa Khomishene ea Machabeng ea Motlakase (IEC) li tsejoa lefatšeng ka bophara 'me li fana ka tataiso bakeng sa likhoele tsa fiber optic le likarolo tse amanang le tsona. Mareo a bohlokoa a amanang le maemo a IEC a kenyelletsa:

• Letoto la IEC 60794: Letoto la IEC 60794 le akaretsa likhoele tsa optical fiber, ho kenyeletsoa kaho, ts'ebetso le liteko. Litekanyetso tsena li hlalosa litlhoko le mekhoa ea liteko bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ea lithapo, joalo ka lithapo tsa kahare, kantle le tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi.
• Letoto la IEC 61753: Letoto la IEC 61753 le shebane le lisebelisoa tse hokahanyang tsa fiber optic, joalo ka lihokelo, li-adapter le li-attenuators. E fana ka litlhaloso bakeng sa ts'ebetso, geometry le litlhoko tsa tikoloho.

Ho utloisisa maemo a IEC ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa tšebelisano ea lefats'e, boleng, le ts'ebetso ea likhoele tsa fiber optic le likarolo tse amanang le tsona.

5.3 Maemo a Naha a Baetsi ba Motlakase (NEMA).

Litekanyetso tsa National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) li shebane haholo le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le litsamaiso. Leha ho le joalo, NEMA e boetse e fana ka litekanyetso tse amanang le likhoele tsa fiber optic le libaka tse koaletsoeng. Mantsoe a bohlokoa a amanang le maemo a NEMA a kenyelletsa:

• NEMA 250: NEMA 250 e hlakisa litlhoko tsa lits'oants'o tse sebelisoang litsing tsa motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa le likhoele tsa fiber optic tsa matlo. E akaretsa likarolo tse kang ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, kaho le ts'ebetso.

Ho utloisisa litekanyetso tse amehang tsa NEMA ho netefatsa hore ho tsamaellana le litlhoko tsa polokeho le ts'ebetso bakeng sa likhoele tsa likhoele tsa fiber optic.

5.4 Maemo a Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Boemo (ISO).

Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Boemo (ISO) o hlahisa litekanyetso tse koahelang mefuta e mengata ea liindasteri, ho kenyeletsa le puisano ea fiber optic. Mantsoe a bohlokoa a amanang le litekanyetso tsa ISO a kenyelletsa:

• ISO/IEC 11801: ISO/IEC 11801 e fana ka litataiso bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa generic cabling, ho kenyeletsoa likhoele tsa fiber optic, likhokahano le mekhoa ea ho kenya. E akaretsa likarolo tse kang ts'ebetso, topology le liteko.
• ISO/IEC 24702: ISO/IEC 24702 e tiisa mekhoa ea ho lekanya bakeng sa ho fokotsa le ho khutlisa tahlehelo ea likhoele tse kentsoeng tsa fiber optic. E fana ka litataiso bakeng sa liteko le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso.

Ho utloisisa litekanyetso tsa ISO ho netefatsa tšebelisano ea lefats'e, ts'ebetso, le boleng ba litsamaiso tsa puisano tsa fiber optic.

Ka ho tloaelana le mantsoe a maemo a indasteri a fiber optic, joalo ka ANSI/TIA, IEC, NEMA, le litekanyetso tsa ISO, u ka etsa bonnete ba ho latela melao, ho sebelisana le ts'ebetso ts'ebetsong ea marang-rang a fiber optic. Litekanyetso tsena li sebetsa e le sesupo sa mekhoa e metle, litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso, le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahlobo, tse lumellang ho theoa ha marang-rang a tšepahalang le a tloaelehileng a fiber optic.

fihlela qeto e

Qetellong, re kene leetong le felletseng lefats'eng la mantsoe a thapo ea fiber optic. Ho tloha metheong ea li-optical fibers le core le cladding ho ea ho likhopolo tse tsoetseng pele tse kang ho fokotsa, ho hasana le mefuta ea lihokelo, re kentse mefuta e mengata ea mantsoe a bohlokoa ho mang kapa mang ea sebetsang ka likhoele tsa fiber optic.

Ho utloisisa mantsoe ana ho bohlokoa bakeng sa puisano e sebetsang, ho rarolla mathata, le ho etsa liqeto indastering ea likhokahano le marang-rang. Hore na o motho ea qalang leeto la hau kapa setsebi se nang le boiphihlelo se batlang ho nchafatsa tsebo ea hau, tataiso ena e u file motheo o tiileng oa ho tsamaea ka boits'epo ho mathata a likhoele tsa fiber optic.

Ka ho utloisisa mantsoe ana, u fumane temohisiso ka melemo ea likhoele tsa fiber optic holim'a likhoele tsa khale tsa koporo, joalo ka litefiso tse phahameng tsa phetisetso ea data, bokhoni bo boholo ba bandwidth, ho itšireletsa khahlanong le tšitiso ea motlakase, le ts'ireletso e ntlafalitsoeng. Tsebo ena e u fa monyetla oa ho sebelisa bokhoni bo felletseng ba marang-rang a fiber optic le ho kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea indasteri.

Hopola, tataiso ena ke qalo feela ea leeto la hau la ho ithuta. Ha re ikahela motheong ona, re u khothaletsa ho tsoela pele ho hlahloba lisebelisoa tse ling, ho nka karolo mananeong a koetliso, le ho sebelisana le litsebi tsa indasteri ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea hau le boitseanape ba hau lithapong tsa fiber optic.

Boemong bo bong le bo bong, ho bohlokoa ho lula u nchafalitsoe ka litekanyetso tsa indasteri le mekhoa e metle ho netefatsa hore ho latela melao le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng. Ka ho latela litataiso tsena, o ka theha ts'epo, oa hohela bareki bao e ka bang bareki, oa ntlafatsa tlhokomeliso ea lebitso, 'me oa sebetsa ka kholiseho le marang-rang a fiber optic.

Re ts'epa hore tataiso ena e felletseng e u file lintlha tse hlokahalang le kutloisiso ea ho tseba lefats'e la li-terminologies tsa fiber optic cable. Ka tsebo ena e letsohong, u hlomeletsoe hantle ho ipabola lefapheng la fiber optics le ho kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea likhokahano tsa mehala le marang-rang.

Hopola, lefats'e la fiber optics le lula le fetoha, 'me ho na le ho hongata ho ithutoang. Amohela mohopolo o tsoelang pele oa ho ithuta, lula u labalabela ho tseba, 'me u lumelle kutloisiso ea hau ea mantsoe a fiber optic cable hore e u susumelletse katlehong indastering ena e matla le e thabisang.